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Abstract

As one of the efficient travel demand management approaches, vehicle restriction policy has been widely implemented around the world. However, non-compliance behaviour against the policy would occur and undermine the policy. Maintaining a long-term deterrent effect on vio...Lead moreAs one of the efficient travel demand management approaches, vehicle restriction policy has been widely implemented around the world. However, non-compliance behaviour against the policy would occur and undermine the policy. Maintaining a long-term deterrent effect on violators is crucial for the policy. This study puts forward an empirical analysis to investigate whether the policy is able to prevent non-compliance behaviour in a long run. At the basis of a newly implemented vehicle restriction policy, i.e. Odd-And-Even (OAE) policy, in Langfang, China, compliance duration that represents the period from the beginning of the policy to the first rule breaking behaviour of a certain vehicle has been investigated by applying survival analyses. Further, this study has proved the existence of inertia in the rule breaking behaviour. Findings reveal that a significant proportion of vehicles would finish their first offence within a short period of time after the policy is implemented and the inertia would further increase the frequency of rule breaking behaviour. Thus, it is difficult for the vehicle restriction policy to maintain a long-term deterrent effect. This study has implications for policy implementation and improvement.

Abstract

Predicting traffic incident duration is a major challenge for many traffic centres around the world. Most research studies focus on predicting the incident duration on motorways rather than arterial roads, due to a high network complexity and lack of data. In this paper w...Lead morePredicting traffic incident duration is a major challenge for many traffic centres around the world. Most research studies focus on predicting the incident duration on motorways rather than arterial roads, due to a high network complexity and lack of data. In this paper we propose a bi-level framework for predicting the accident duration on arterial road networks in Sydney, based on operational requirements of incident clearance target which is less than 45 minutes. Using incident baseline information, we first deploy a classification method using various ensemble tree models in order to predict whether a new incident will be cleared in less than 45min or not. If the incident was classified as short-term, then various regression models are developed for predicting the actual incident duration in minutes by incorporating various traffic flow features. After outlier removal and intensive model hyper-parameter tuning through randomized search and cross-validation, we show that the extreme gradient boost approach outperformed all models, including the gradient-boosted decision-trees by almost 53%. Finally, we perform a feature importance evaluation for incident duration prediction and show that the best prediction results are obtained when leveraging the real-time traffic flow in vicinity road sections to the reported accident location.

Abstract

The location data from positioning devices, such as those utilizing GNSS, provides vital information for the probe-car systems aiming at solving road-traffic problems. In the case of the Japanese Electronic Toll Collection System 2.0, a huge amount of probe data can be ga...Lead moreThe location data from positioning devices, such as those utilizing GNSS, provides vital information for the probe-car systems aiming at solving road-traffic problems. In the case of the Japanese Electronic Toll Collection System 2.0, a huge amount of probe data can be gathered at intervals of 200 m throughout the country. However, it is not easy for conventional map-matching algorithms to perform appropriately when they target this sparse probe data. Because, for the sparser probe data of this range, it is required to check the reachability of the probe car between adjacent position fixes by using the Dijkstra or A* algorithms. These algorithms, however, consume much computation power and can be a serious obstacle for map-matching processing, especially in real-time applications. The authors propose a new dynamic programming based map-matching algorithm which can also reduce the calculation time for the reachability test by introducing a hash algorithm.. The results of the evaluation confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of both accuracy and computational performance.

Abstract

Realite is an end-to-end integrated digital platform, for smarter transport solutions. As big data is becoming standard, the novelty of this platform is its application to transport management. Around the world, transport operators are under intense pressure to meet the c...Lead moreRealite is an end-to-end integrated digital platform, for smarter transport solutions. As big data is becoming standard, the novelty of this platform is its application to transport management. Around the world, transport operators are under intense pressure to meet the changing needs of the society. Examples include the commuter demand for real-time travel information, faster incident management, and multimodal transport solutions. However, due to their largely manual and fragmented nature, as they rely on human operators located in different business areas to share and communicate information, existing methodologies often lead to inefficient and inconsistent results. Built on the notion of real-time integrated solutions, Realite enables seamless interaction between multiple systems across different government authorities and private companies in Australia. This paper demonstrates how Realite has been successfully applied to temporary traffic management on major infrastructure projects in Australia. Benefits are realised for commuters, and managers at all levels – executives, project managers, and contractors. It enables users to coordinate, manage, and use different data sources to ultimately provide consumer-centric information. There are challenges presented with this approach including highly complex technological requirements, addressing existing legacy system’s design principles, and policy and standard questions on the sharing and control of the data.

Abstract

The market for connected embedded car navigation is in dire need of a kick-start. Lengthy design cycles and a fragmented supply chain and ecosystem supporting the development of new IVI programs and connected navigation solutions have left the status quo of connected navi...Lead moreThe market for connected embedded car navigation is in dire need of a kick-start. Lengthy design cycles and a fragmented supply chain and ecosystem supporting the development of new IVI programs and connected navigation solutions have left the status quo of connected navigation lagging far behind consumer expectations, both in terms of feature richness and cost. Meanwhile, the proliferation of smartphone integration protocols has made Apple and Google, the market leaders in UI design and feature deployment, direct competitors for the in-vehicle experience. HERE’s Navigation on Demand (NavOD) service delivers a brand-new approach and architecture to OEMs, allowing them to offer consumers new and compelling services while avoiding the costly development and protracted roll-out periods that have held the market back thus far.

Abstract

With the convergence of smart mobility technology and digitisation, cities are facing incredible opportunities to harness new ways of moving people and goods in a connected, empowered way. However, introducing connected, automated and shared technologies into a mix of man...Lead moreWith the convergence of smart mobility technology and digitisation, cities are facing incredible opportunities to harness new ways of moving people and goods in a connected, empowered way. However, introducing connected, automated and shared technologies into a mix of manual vehicles and aged infrastructure presents new risks and challenges. Transport liability and regulatory frameworks have gradually taken shape over decades, geared to managing past rather than future behaviour and technologies. Insurance, an enabler for new technology and a mechanism for recovery when systems fail, has emerged in history as the nexus between emerging technology and regulatory schemes and it is again needed to facilitate safe CAV and mobility-as-a-service offerings. This paper explores how an Australian general insurer, IAG, is harnessing ‘cooperative research’ through iMOVE Australia to access diverse academic expertise, combined with its Sydney and Singapore incubators to scale its ability to respond to emerging technology, regulatory and customer challenges.

Abstract

This study, co-funded by International Association of Public Transport (UITP) and Land Transport Authority (LTA), was completed in December 2018 with the aim to raise awareness on the growing importance of AI and its development in PT sector, and to provide strategic guid...Lead moreThis study, co-funded by International Association of Public Transport (UITP) and Land Transport Authority (LTA), was completed in December 2018 with the aim to raise awareness on the growing importance of AI and its development in PT sector, and to provide strategic guidelines to organisations who are considering adoption of AI solutions. Over 100 professionals from PT authorities, operators, industry providers and research institutes were involved in the data/insights collection process through the use of an online quantitative survey, use-cases, blogs, roundtable and ideation workshops. Together with an extensive literature review, we reviewed the definition and developments of AI, reasons for the sector to take interest in AI-driven solutions, and best practices from 17 use-cases of four main areas – customer excellence, operational excellence, engineering excellence, and safety and security management. The report concluded with concepts conjured up by AI and PT experts on plausible AI-driven solutions that will transform the urban mobility landscape.

Abstract

Bike sharing is not a new concept in transportation. But in Indonesia, adaptation and implementation Bike Sharing is a challenge because of the culture of the people. A bicycle is just a sport for Indonesia people. Therefore, INA BIKE makes a different approach, we develo...Lead moreBike sharing is not a new concept in transportation. But in Indonesia, adaptation and implementation Bike Sharing is a challenge because of the culture of the people. A bicycle is just a sport for Indonesia people. Therefore, INA BIKE makes a different approach, we developing a business model as a Tourism Bike sharing with flexible services branding for supporting the city in Indonesia. Making bike sharing as a tourism destination and activity, we believe people will starting developing a habit to use it. With full support with local government, we are successfully implementing this concept in Yogyakarta City and we are spreading to Denpasar City in 2019.

Abstract

In the coming years data will be used to shape and inform more decisions as information continues to be brought together. Linking this information together will enable insights that were not previously possible allowing for the dynamics between transport and the economy t...Lead moreIn the coming years data will be used to shape and inform more decisions as information continues to be brought together. Linking this information together will enable insights that were not previously possible allowing for the dynamics between transport and the economy to be better understood and the outcomes of any targeted programs to be measured.

Abstract

Toyota Motor Corporation (Toyota) conducted trials of the multi-modal mobility service "my route" for smartphones with Nishi-Nippon Railroad Co., Ltd. (Nishitetsu) in Fukuoka City from November 1, in collaboration with eight service providers for traffic, shop, and event ...Lead moreToyota Motor Corporation (Toyota) conducted trials of the multi-modal mobility service "my route" for smartphones with Nishi-Nippon Railroad Co., Ltd. (Nishitetsu) in Fukuoka City from November 1, in collaboration with eight service providers for traffic, shop, and event information. The purpose of this paper is to introduce how the movement of people changed through a 5-month experiment in Fukuoka City. “my route” supports mobility services with its route search combining various modes of transport including public transport (such as bus, rail, and subway), automobiles (such as taxis, rental cars, and private vehicles), bicycles, and walking, making reservations and payments as required. This service is operating as a MaaS LV2 service. A characteristic of this service is not only to offer a multi-modal route search, but also provide information on shop and event. A route search is possible from the shop and event information that users want to reach. In this paper, we introduce the background of this activity and show the system architecture and some initial results to discuss the feasibility of multi-modal mobility service and MaaS system.

Abstract

Many new innovative applications become possible when vehicles are not only connected to the mobile network but also equipped with perceptual capabilities. To some extent, a connected vehicle as such can be seen as a neuronal synapse in the brain of a Smart City, which is...Lead moreMany new innovative applications become possible when vehicles are not only connected to the mobile network but also equipped with perceptual capabilities. To some extent, a connected vehicle as such can be seen as a neuronal synapse in the brain of a Smart City, which is actually a use case of Vehicle as a Sensor, or VaaS. Two practical examples in the city of Shanghai, a metropolis in China, are presented here to give proven evidence that latest technologies, such as Voice Recognition and Computer Vision, can really empower cross-boundary co-operations to improve transportation safety, and furthermore to elevate the level of digitalization and modernization of urban operation and management. And the world is promised to witness many more new exercises likewise in the coming years, with thanks to further development on technical enablers such as mobile connectivity, sensing technologies, and Artificial Intelligence, etc.

Abstract

Existing 4G LTE (and soon, 5G) networks can be leveraged for the delivery of C-ITS services using C-V2X communications technology today. As such, it is a certain way to significantly reduce the cost and speed up the deployment of V2X applications, reducing vehicle related...Lead moreExisting 4G LTE (and soon, 5G) networks can be leveraged for the delivery of C-ITS services using C-V2X communications technology today. As such, it is a certain way to significantly reduce the cost and speed up the deployment of V2X applications, reducing vehicle related incidents, saving lives and improving the road network infrastructure efficiency without requiring an expensive roadside C-ITS station and supporting communications network build-out. Public 4G networks, while providing excellent coverage over many major roadways, do not commonly have differentiated services available tuned to support the latency requirements of C-ITS services. Telstra has developed such a service and is using it in trials to verify the use of a commercial 4G LTE network for C-ITS over C-V2X. This service has been shown to deliver a median latency of 28 ms (round trip), with 95% of results better than 43 ms, while sharing the network with other 4G LTE handset users. This performance is extremely suitable for the vast majority of C-ITS applications, especially vehicle to infrastructure, and even for applications with strict timing requirements.

Abstract

The ongoing digitalisation trend known in the industrial context as ‘Internet of Things’ or ‘Industry 4.0’, is taking to the world of road traffic under the name of ‘Vehicle-to-X’ or ‘V2X’ technology. This networking technology enables cars to communicate with each other ...Lead moreThe ongoing digitalisation trend known in the industrial context as ‘Internet of Things’ or ‘Industry 4.0’, is taking to the world of road traffic under the name of ‘Vehicle-to-X’ or ‘V2X’ technology. This networking technology enables cars to communicate with each other and with infrastructure. The digitalisation of our road network is of critical importance for economic growth and quality of life. Inter-state as well as urban traffic volumes are rising continuously, that’s why the development and deployment of V2X technology is becoming reality; an intelligent communication technology that interconnects vehicles and infrastructure. V2X is part of the “Internet of Things” in the traffic management environment. It offers more precise indicators of the traffic situation, optimises traffic flow, reduces tail backs, accidents and minimises emissions. This paper will focus on some of the potential V2X use case applications in both urban and interurban environments. It will also touch on some real-life V2X case studies that Siemens is involved in from around the world as the basis for discussion.

Abstract

To grow the smart, accessible cities of the future we need to make devices, vehicles and infrastructure talk to each other. That’s why the team at SAGE Automation made Matilda. Matilda is the world’s smartest transit hub for autonomous and connected mobility. Leveraging l...Lead moreTo grow the smart, accessible cities of the future we need to make devices, vehicles and infrastructure talk to each other. That’s why the team at SAGE Automation made Matilda. Matilda is the world’s smartest transit hub for autonomous and connected mobility. Leveraging leading edge technologies such as IBM Watson, a question answering computing system and the KinTrans real-time sign-language system, Matilda enables communication between people, public transport and driverless vehicle fleets to deliver a seamless, tailored transit service that can interact with the passenger and enhance the transport experience.

Abstract

The value estimated for MaaS market is expected to be $1,759.82 billion by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 49.55% during 2018-2028 (1). Mobility as a Service industry requires a well-integrated system of service providers, service integrators, and end users. Through the growth...Lead moreThe value estimated for MaaS market is expected to be $1,759.82 billion by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 49.55% during 2018-2028 (1). Mobility as a Service industry requires a well-integrated system of service providers, service integrators, and end users. Through the growth and impact of a wide adoption of MaaS, the roles of public and private transport, and integrated ways to book and pay will transform and converge. The increased requirement and expectation to be able to move around cities across multiple transport options seamlessly will drive these changes in line with a predicted drop in personal car ownership globally.

Abstract

Research and Development work focuing on Autonomous Driving technology becomes mature and fierce recent years. Car makers and parts manufacturers have joined and made contribution in this field for decades. DFCV and KOTEI have estabilished a cooperation relation ship to d...Lead moreResearch and Development work focuing on Autonomous Driving technology becomes mature and fierce recent years. Car makers and parts manufacturers have joined and made contribution in this field for decades. DFCV and KOTEI have estabilished a cooperation relation ship to do constantly R&D efforts on prototype vehicle’s autonomous driving system for recent three years. With the development of autonomous driving system, DFCV and KOTEI have started a new joint development project since early 2018, a completed mass-production level solution for commercial vehicles, which will be applied to main scenarios nowadays, for instance, highway (single lane, platooning,etc.) and specific area (port, mining, sanitation, etc.). R&D works of this project mainly consist of three parts, such as perception system, decision and control system and V2X platooning system.

Abstract

From small businesses to multinational companies, technology has become the integral part of everyday operations. Efforts are made to incorporate modern tools into all levels of business to enhance processes to achieve faster work rate, save time and cost, ease of mobilit...Lead moreFrom small businesses to multinational companies, technology has become the integral part of everyday operations. Efforts are made to incorporate modern tools into all levels of business to enhance processes to achieve faster work rate, save time and cost, ease of mobility and facilitate better communications. With everything connected by networks, this also facilitates the modernization of Intelligent Transportation System to spearhead development of new solutions including for tolling industry with the aim to improve customer experience for both highway operators and the paying customers. This paper highlights the key features of technology that ushers in digital-age transportation with innovative new ways that takes full advantage of current technological breakthroughs.

Abstract

Traffic signal control is a core element for efficient traffic control since the widening of road becomes a limitation for local authority to obtain fund. An efficient traffic control can maximize the capacity of the road with less expensive method. Today, numerous traffi...Lead moreTraffic signal control is a core element for efficient traffic control since the widening of road becomes a limitation for local authority to obtain fund. An efficient traffic control can maximize the capacity of the road with less expensive method. Today, numerous traffic signal strategies have evolved over the time, from fixed time to adaptive control that respond and react to traffic conditions in real time. This paper presents an evaluation and comparison of the impact of fixed time and TrafficSens adaptive traffic signal control on the chosen urban road network in Kuala Lumpur. To evaluate the performance of both modes, a safer and more cost-effective method of microscopic simulation is conducted. Results obtained from both operating modes are analyzed in detail and compared in the aspects of the following performance measures: delay, average and maximum queue length, travel time and number of stops

Abstract

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) gives people customized, reliable and flexible transportation options by allowing them to search, book and pay for public and private multimodal transportation services. The Izuko app is the perfect travel companion for the Izu Peninsula in Ja...Lead moreMobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) gives people customized, reliable and flexible transportation options by allowing them to search, book and pay for public and private multimodal transportation services. The Izuko app is the perfect travel companion for the Izu Peninsula in Japan. Users can find cool things to do, plan trips, and purchase transport tickets all in one app.

Abstract

This paper aims to give a brief description of how the latest developments on computational statistics, machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks are being applied to different areas of the ITS industry within SICE. The paper will walk through three main applic...Lead moreThis paper aims to give a brief description of how the latest developments on computational statistics, machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks are being applied to different areas of the ITS industry within SICE. The paper will walk through three main applications of these technologies that SICE has put into operations and their main benefits: - Improvement of automatic incident detection algorithms and reduction of false alarms; - Advanced automatic vehicle identification system and its application to tolling systems; - Detection of anomalous system behaviours and traffic patterns for the enhancement of ITS and tolling system operations and maintenance monitoring activities.

Abstract

Siemens Mobility, a global leader in transport solutions for more than 160 years, is approaching the autonomous driving market with a self-driving vehicle turnkey solution based on intelligent infrastructure and cloud-based software applications that aims for SAE level 5,...Lead moreSiemens Mobility, a global leader in transport solutions for more than 160 years, is approaching the autonomous driving market with a self-driving vehicle turnkey solution based on intelligent infrastructure and cloud-based software applications that aims for SAE level 5, which shall be embedded into public transport while offering highest level of safety and efficiency at the same time.

Abstract

To cope with the rapid urbanization of its population, the Malaysian government continuously strives to improve the transportation infrastructure by investing in the upgrading and expansion of mass rapid transit system, light rail transit, monorail, bus rapid transit, int...Lead moreTo cope with the rapid urbanization of its population, the Malaysian government continuously strives to improve the transportation infrastructure by investing in the upgrading and expansion of mass rapid transit system, light rail transit, monorail, bus rapid transit, inter and intra city bus network as well as interconnected highway network. For a seamless travel experience, this excellent infrastructure must be supported by an equally efficient payment system that encompasses electronic toll collections (ETC), automated fare collections (AFC) and the electronic parking system. In this paper, we will share Touch ‘n Go’s success story in providing an integrated payment solution that powers urban mobility in Malaysia – how it is transforming itself to meet the demand of smart cities in the future by digitizing its products and services from a pure offline contactless smartcard solution to a hybrid of offline and online (account based transaction) solution.

Abstract

The transport operating network continues to undergo significant transformation. Ride share companies are now common place, journey planning capabilities and real time travel information is readily available and just around the corner is emerging applications associated t...Lead moreThe transport operating network continues to undergo significant transformation. Ride share companies are now common place, journey planning capabilities and real time travel information is readily available and just around the corner is emerging applications associated to connected and driverless vehicles enabling unprecedented expansion of different mobility services that utilises urban, rural and interurban transport network. Whilst this transformation is underway issues such as congestion, funding for ongoing infrastructure requirements and privacy require resolution. This paper provides an overview of the current MaaS initiatives across Australasia, discusses the current impediments and barriers that exist, and focuses on the pricing model discussion needed to accelerate and / or deliver an effective MaaS eco system in the Australasian context.

Abstract

The carbon footprint of traffic signals as electrical devices is by far not negligible. Reducing energy consumption of the signal heads is a worthy challenge. We present the new near-market Sitraffic 1Watt Technology that allows saving as much as 80% to 90% of power consu...Lead moreThe carbon footprint of traffic signals as electrical devices is by far not negligible. Reducing energy consumption of the signal heads is a worthy challenge. We present the new near-market Sitraffic 1Watt Technology that allows saving as much as 80% to 90% of power consumption of traffic signals compared to state of the art technologies by simultaneously increasing safety level to meet SIL3 requirements and improve maintenance aspects. The paper explains the basic measures to reach this goal and estimates the benefit possible to large cities with regard to costs and carbon footprint if this approach is deployed in large-area.

Abstract

This paper presents a metaheuristic approach for solving the multi-objective service timetabling problem arising in Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) type mass transportation systems. The methodology employs a metaheuristic algorithm that evaluates the system operational constrai...Lead moreThis paper presents a metaheuristic approach for solving the multi-objective service timetabling problem arising in Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) type mass transportation systems. The methodology employs a metaheuristic algorithm that evaluates the system operational constraints, which is embedded in a multi-objective optimization algorithm denoted as NSGA-II. Also, we develop a new flow-based four-index multi-objective non-linear integer programming model that describes important aspects of the BRT systems when obtaining the service timetabling. The model is also useful to determine the daily dispatch frequency required by each route in such a way that is possible to meet the users’ total demand. The proposed methodology was validated in a mass transportation system in the West-Center metropolitan area of Colombia that currently performs approximately 5000 daily trips.

Abstract

This paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the potential of using GTFS-RT data combined with SPaT data for signal coordination evaluation and improvement. GTFS-RT driven virtual vehicle detection extraction and the corresponding MAP matching process, as well as o...Lead moreThis paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the potential of using GTFS-RT data combined with SPaT data for signal coordination evaluation and improvement. GTFS-RT driven virtual vehicle detection extraction and the corresponding MAP matching process, as well as offset adjustment, are demonstrated to show how to utilize the GTFS-RT data. Field implementations are conducted to verify the proposed method, and the results indicate that the update interval of the bus is long and the number of additional bus stops is not small. Therefore, the GTFS-RT data requires proper filtering before being use for traffic operation evaluations. However, the field test results obtained on signal coordination were of high quality, and demonstrates the potential of using GTFS-RT data combined with SPaT data for signal coordination evaluation as outlined in the framework.

Abstract

ADAS technologies have developed to the point where a plurality of vehicles are now equipped with on-board sensing using cameras and/or radars to allow for features like Lane Keeping Assist (LKA), Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB). At the...Lead moreADAS technologies have developed to the point where a plurality of vehicles are now equipped with on-board sensing using cameras and/or radars to allow for features like Lane Keeping Assist (LKA), Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB). At the same time, transportation and communication engineers have for years been developing V2X technologies in order to exchange vehicle and transportation system status information among the fleet, generally for safety or mobility improvement. This paper proposes a combination of on-board sensing and cooperative information exchange for enhanced crash avoidance capability. We offer to take advantage of on-board sensing to detect vehicles without V2V equipment, and broadcast what we term a “proxy BSM” to inform equipped neighbouring vehicles of the presence of other vehicles or obstacles that may present hazards. We believe this capability can be used in certain scenarios to help reduce crashes between vehicles and show this here through experimental results.

Abstract

In the context of pro-active traffic management, crash risk prediction is the key component for real-time safety evaluation. Previous research on crash risk prediction mainly focused on freeways, seldom on signalized intersections. However, signalized intersections are we...Lead moreIn the context of pro-active traffic management, crash risk prediction is the key component for real-time safety evaluation. Previous research on crash risk prediction mainly focused on freeways, seldom on signalized intersections. However, signalized intersections are well-known high crash risk locations because of the variety of traffic modes and their interactions. In addition, unlike uninterrupted freeways, the traffic flow at signalized intersections present cyclical characteristics which are temporally interrupted by signal timing. Therefore, the time interval of real-time crash risk prediction at signalized intersections should base on signal cycle rather than predefined fixed time interval (i.e., 5 minutes). The actual signal cycles where crashes occurred were identified based on high-resolution event-based intersection data (i.e., Automated Traffic Signal Performance Measures (ATSPM)). Also, spatial-temporal Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) was employed to consider the spatial-temporal characteristics by including the data from the upstream intersection and multiple preceding signal cycles.

Abstract

A new adaptive ramp-metering system and its field test results are presented. The new strategy identifies bottlenecks in real time using the loop detector data and employs a dynamic feedback control rule that tries to maintain mainline traffic densities close to the desir...Lead moreA new adaptive ramp-metering system and its field test results are presented. The new strategy identifies bottlenecks in real time using the loop detector data and employs a dynamic feedback control rule that tries to maintain mainline traffic densities close to the desired target value at each detector station. Further, the control rule is continuously updated through time with an explicit consideration of both current ramp conditions and operational restrictions for a given freeway. The new method was first tested in October 2012 at the 100-northbound corridor in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The before/after comparison of the traffic performance in the test corridor showed substantial improvements with the new strategy compared to those with the previous stratified algorithm for both mainline and on-ramp traffic conditions. The new metering strategy has been expanded to the entire metro freeway network in Minnesota

Abstract

Transportation agencies often own extensive networks of monocular traffic cameras, which are typically used for traffic monitoring by officials and experts. While the information captured by these cameras can also be of great value in transportation planning and operation...Lead moreTransportation agencies often own extensive networks of monocular traffic cameras, which are typically used for traffic monitoring by officials and experts. While the information captured by these cameras can also be of great value in transportation planning and operations, such applications are less common due to the lack of scalable methods and tools for data processing and analysis. This paper exemplifies how the value of existing traffic camera networks can be augmented using the latest computing techniques. We use traffic cameras owned by the City of Austin to study pedestrian road use and identify potential safety concerns. Our approach automatically analyzes the content of video data from existing traffic cameras using a semi-automated processing pipeline powered by the state-of-art computing hardware and algorithms. The method also extracts a background image at analyzed locations, which is used to visualize locations where pedestrians are present, and display their trajectories. We also propose quantitative metrics of pedestrian activity which may be used to prioritize the deployment of pedestrian safety solutions, or evaluate their performance.

Abstract

According to the latest statistics, it is estimated that by 2050, more than 70% of the world’s population will live in cities. How to serve such high increasing travel demands to ensure sustainability is an urgent issue for all the cities world-wide. However, this is not ...Lead moreAccording to the latest statistics, it is estimated that by 2050, more than 70% of the world’s population will live in cities. How to serve such high increasing travel demands to ensure sustainability is an urgent issue for all the cities world-wide. However, this is not the only challenge because we also must embrace new technologies including their impacts to promote new modes of transport and strategize mode shifts. This paper will use New York City (NYC) Transit Signal Priority as an example to provide a consideration of these questions in the following five aspects: I. Launch NYC Transit Signal Priority (TSP) program with National/Regional guidance for cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) support; II. Collaborate in and cooperate with stakeholders for multi-mode TSP deployment at the local level; III. Embrace new technologies to build connectivity and mobility; IV. Deploy and manage with innovative methodologies; V. Build future sustainability.

Abstract

Connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technology already shows unparalleled benefits in mobility, safety, and the environment. Increasing numbers of transportation agencies and research institutions have started to invest their resources in developing different CAV applic...Lead moreConnected and automated vehicle (CAV) technology already shows unparalleled benefits in mobility, safety, and the environment. Increasing numbers of transportation agencies and research institutions have started to invest their resources in developing different CAV applications for near-term deployment. Field experiments are the ideal approach for assessing the benefits and weaknesses of CAV applications before deployment. However, only very limited transportation infrastructure is upgraded to support development and testing of CAV applications, meaning i t could take decades and significant resources to upgrade most existing infrastructure to be CAV-compatible. To solve this issue, this paper proposes a mobile infrastructure-to–everything (I2X) experimental platform (MIXEP) in order to support rapid development and testing of infrastructure-related CAV technology. The MIXEP could be used for field experiments on both test tracks and public roads, and due to the mobile platform nature, could be deployed virtually anywhere. The developed MIXEP could also be utilized for collecting both real-time traffic data (e.g. speed, occupancy, etc.) and CAV data (such as basic safety messages (BSM), MAPs, etc.). This paper illustrates major functionalities and specific designs of a MIXEP in detail. To evaluate the effectiveness of this platform, several test cases of the MIXEP were developed and implemented.

Abstract

Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) or Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) provide continuous location data that can be exploited by tracking attacks. In order to protect location privacy, vehicles have to change their public key certificates known as pseudonyms constantly. Ps...Lead moreBasic Safety Messages (BSMs) or Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) provide continuous location data that can be exploited by tracking attacks. In order to protect location privacy, vehicles have to change their public key certificates known as pseudonyms constantly. Pseudonym change is most effective when the change is performed during a collective radio silence period to obfuscate the location data and to confuse attackers. This paper presents a comprehensive summary of a new design of Adaptive Silent Period Strategy that intelligently turns on and off radio silence of connected vehicles. Rather than activating and deactivating the radio silence at fixed intervals or at designated physical mixed zones, this new strategy adaptively activates on an off a vehicle’s radio silence based on the surrounding traffic flow conditions or pre-set rules without compromising safety. The strategy has been implemented and tested in a simulation environment for achieving a balance among safety versus privacy.

Abstract

Transport Canada is advancing a national approach to promote Canada as a destination for AV/CV testing and development, while also ensuring the safe and secure introduction of these technologies to Canada’s roads. This approach is informed by meaningful domestic and inter...Lead moreTransport Canada is advancing a national approach to promote Canada as a destination for AV/CV testing and development, while also ensuring the safe and secure introduction of these technologies to Canada’s roads. This approach is informed by meaningful domestic and international collaboration to establish cohesive policy for emerging vehicle technologies. ‘Canada’s Safety Framework for AV/CVs’ sets the stage for TC’s safety-focused approach, which combines strengthened legislation to ensure that there are appropriate authorities to respond to emerging technologies, with non-regulatory tools, such as flexible guidelines and safety assessment tools. TC’s suite of non-regulatory tools equips stakeholders with the information they need to promote the safe and secure introduction of AV/CV technologies.

Abstract

Recent initiatives around the world have shown the potential benefits of collaboration and cooperation between agencies when managing the transportation network. Bringing agencies of a transportation levels together in a more unified way is becoming a common strategy to i...Lead moreRecent initiatives around the world have shown the potential benefits of collaboration and cooperation between agencies when managing the transportation network. Bringing agencies of a transportation levels together in a more unified way is becoming a common strategy to improve. USDOT has been investing for over 10 years in more integrated management and started the Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) program in 2006, including the deployment of two Pilot Project Systems the San Diego ICM and the Dallas ICM. These Pilots overcame both the institutional boundaries between agencies and boundaries of communicating between systems to provide unified management systems. The I-210 ICM System and the Buenos Aires SGIM System are two more recent variations on this approach which focus on leveraging umbrella systems to provide the full situational view into one platform and sharing the management among the stakeholders. This Technical paper focuses on each systems approach to Mobility Management from a multi-agency view for a region and for a city.

Abstract

The following research focuses on the externalities generated on the public transport system, due to the disorder and use of the street section from goods and logistics operators, during the peak hours on the city. Through microsimulation of traffic variables, the mobilit...Lead moreThe following research focuses on the externalities generated on the public transport system, due to the disorder and use of the street section from goods and logistics operators, during the peak hours on the city. Through microsimulation of traffic variables, the mobility issues are characterized in zones with mix uses ground taking in to count some variables such, travel times, combustible consume and emissions in one of the most use corridors in the city of Bogotá. The study of open data, complemented with field information, permit the evaluation of the mentioned parameter tested on the actual infrastructure. It is important to say that the evaluated corridor is classified into secondary roads in the city and operate almost 22 urban routes of the public transit system.

Abstract

The United States are at a crossroad of transportation funding, states across the country have conducted, and continue to do, pilot projects to explore the feasibility of mileage-based user fees (RUC) as a replacement for the gas tax. Up until 2018 the majority of the RUC...Lead moreThe United States are at a crossroad of transportation funding, states across the country have conducted, and continue to do, pilot projects to explore the feasibility of mileage-based user fees (RUC) as a replacement for the gas tax. Up until 2018 the majority of the RUC exploration has occurred in western states and has focussed on passenger vehicles. The I-95 Corridor Coalition, and its technology provider EROAD, recognize that it is vital to bring the perspective of both the east coast as well as the trucking industry to the national evolution of RUC. Motor carriers face unique challenges and it is crucial to gain a better understanding of their needs and viewpoints. The 1st Multi State Truck Pilot started on October 1st, 2018. This paper will explore this unique pilot project, it’s results and how it provides state and federal governments valuable information as they decide on next steps.

Abstract

This paper provides a comparative analysis of two vehicular wireless communication technologies for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) safety and non-safety applications: dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) based on IEEE 802.11p and 3GPP Rel-14 LTE-V2X recently standardiz...Lead moreThis paper provides a comparative analysis of two vehicular wireless communication technologies for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) safety and non-safety applications: dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) based on IEEE 802.11p and 3GPP Rel-14 LTE-V2X recently standardized by the cellular industry. First, we provide a brief overview of the two technologies and their technical differences. Then, we show system-level simulation results of DSRC and Rel-14 LTE-V2X PC5 mode 4 (i.e., UE autonomous mode) using congestion control mechanisms in 5.9 GHz band in freeway scenarios for several vehicle densities. The performance metrics that we evaluated are packet reception ratio, packet inter-reception, information age, and end-to-end latency. For a specific simulation configuration, the simulation results show that for communication distances up to about 300 m, DSRC achieves superior performance than LTE-V2X PC5 mode 4 in a high vehicle density scenario, whereas the two technologies are comparable in a low vehicle density scenario. Further, in both high and low vehicle density scenarios, we show that LTE-V2X achieves a slightly longer communication range, and DSRC achieves a shorter end-to-end latency.

Abstract

The objective of fully autonomous and connected vehicles is getting everyday closer, and a key enabler of such vision is the availability of a high-throughput, reliable and ultra low-delay communication system. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard already provides some ...Lead moreThe objective of fully autonomous and connected vehicles is getting everyday closer, and a key enabler of such vision is the availability of a high-throughput, reliable and ultra low-delay communication system. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard already provides some basic support to vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, but new radio technologies specifically tailored to the automotive communication requirements are also being investigated. In this regard, the very large bandwidth available at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies is particularly interesting, since it offers the possibility of realizing ultra-fast point-to-point connections. In this paper we provide an end-to-end performance comparison between the LTE and mmWave technologies in a vehicular scenario, considering realistic propagation models and application requirements. Based on our results, we can conclude that LTE permits robust and fair connections, but mmWave communication can complement it by supporting the foreseen extreme bitrates demands of some emerging automotive applications.

Abstract

Over the last few decades, massive demand surges related to long-weekend holidays have clogged the entire national highway system in Taiwan, resulting in excessively prolonged travel times that severely impact the travel plans of roadway users during those holidays. To be...Lead moreOver the last few decades, massive demand surges related to long-weekend holidays have clogged the entire national highway system in Taiwan, resulting in excessively prolonged travel times that severely impact the travel plans of roadway users during those holidays. To better cope with this chronic issue and to leapfrog the traditional forecast-react ITS management paradigm, a cooperative demand management (CDM) concept is proposed in this study. This method aims to use optimization and simulation, combined with information and incentives, to recommend optimal departure times for holiday travelers. Before a potentially risky large-scale implementation, a simulation and optimization based modeling framework was conducted and is presented in this paper. Furthermore, to better understand the level of interest in participating in this program, a national survey was launched to recent holiday travelers.