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Abstract

There are many obstacles to fight in order to exploit heavy-duty vehicle platooning on public roads. The main problem is given by the absence of EU legislation on this topic. In fact, the manual operation of heavy-duty vehicles at the small inter vehicle distances propose...Lead moreThere are many obstacles to fight in order to exploit heavy-duty vehicle platooning on public roads. The main problem is given by the absence of EU legislation on this topic. In fact, the manual operation of heavy-duty vehicles at the small inter vehicle distances proposed by platooning is generally not allowed in the European Union member states and regulations covering such close collaborative automatic control driving are currently lacking. Moreover, relevant regulations differ worldwide, but also among the EU member states. An extensive analysis has been performed on the current state of EU and local rules regarding automated driving, driving time regulations, traffic regulations and aspects of safety. This analysis has been based in the ENSEMBLE project first results within the subtask 6.3.1 EU regulatory framework on Truck Platooning.

Abstract

With continuing global urbanization, the traffic situation has become more severe and ground transport systems have been pushed to their limits in major cities. Urban Air Mobility has the potential to unlock the 3rd dimension for public transport helping to overcome the g...Lead moreWith continuing global urbanization, the traffic situation has become more severe and ground transport systems have been pushed to their limits in major cities. Urban Air Mobility has the potential to unlock the 3rd dimension for public transport helping to overcome the grid locked situation. As is evident from the number of entrants to this field, this new means of transportation is gaining global traction and acceptance. After successfully testing the world’s first autonomous flying taxi in September 2017[1], the Roads and Transport Authority (RTA), Dubai is further pursuing the commercialization with their Autonomous Aerial Taxi Service (AATS) Project as part of Dubai’s multimodal Self-Driving Transport (SDT) Strategy. Within this paper the authors outline key learnings which were gathered by the test flight program in 2017. Additionally, a holistic framework to derive functional requirements for an Autonomous Aerial Taxi (AAT) suitable for a commercial public transport is presented.

Abstract

This paper focuses on the perception of safety and of safety risks as key acceptance factor for driverless shuttles as feeder to public transport. On the one hand, safety of shuttle operation has been assessed on basis of the current technical, legal and operational frame...Lead moreThis paper focuses on the perception of safety and of safety risks as key acceptance factor for driverless shuttles as feeder to public transport. On the one hand, safety of shuttle operation has been assessed on basis of the current technical, legal and operational frameworks. On the other hand, attitudes of the general population as well as the feeling of safety of actual shuttle test users in driverless shuttles have been analysed. As a result, implementation of driverless shuttles require a holistic, “Safe System” approach that thoroughly considers all systemic factors that could have an impact on safety risk perception in driverless vehicles.

Abstract

C-The Difference is a large scale C-ITS deployment project, in the cities of Helmond and Bordeaux, promoted by European commission to identify and demonstrate benefits form the application of C-ITS in urban environment. A consortium of leading Dutch – French ITS organizat...Lead moreC-The Difference is a large scale C-ITS deployment project, in the cities of Helmond and Bordeaux, promoted by European commission to identify and demonstrate benefits form the application of C-ITS in urban environment. A consortium of leading Dutch – French ITS organizations have piloted and evaluated C-ITS Day 1 applications for a period of 18 months, and are promoting and disseminating the results and lessons learned in to and within the European ITS community. The H2020 C-MobILE (Accelerating C-ITS Mobility Innovation and deployment in Europe) project, aims to accelerate the large-scale, secure and interoperable deployment of C-ITS services, and simultaneously elaborate how services can be utilized and operated by different actors.

Abstract

This paper presents Traffic Management as a Service (TMaaS), a neutral traffic management framework for urban mobility aimed at small and medium-sized cities. It accepts and connects multimodal data and services from different parties for monitoring, analysis and manageme...Lead moreThis paper presents Traffic Management as a Service (TMaaS), a neutral traffic management framework for urban mobility aimed at small and medium-sized cities. It accepts and connects multimodal data and services from different parties for monitoring, analysis and management and allows flexible adaptation and on-demand use of the system. TMaaS is an open urban traffic management marketplace that enables third parties to generate innovative solutions and business models and encourages citizen participation and co-creation in urban mobility. TMaaS is currently being demonstrated in real-use cases for the City of Ghent, a medium-sized city in Belgium. Selected replicator cities will be included in 2020.

Abstract

The increasing connectivity in transport, and the growing demand for intelligent transport services (ITS) caused a paradigm shift from ITS systems to service delivery. Incrementally complex Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) necessitate a structured implementation approa...Lead moreThe increasing connectivity in transport, and the growing demand for intelligent transport services (ITS) caused a paradigm shift from ITS systems to service delivery. Incrementally complex Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) necessitate a structured implementation approach based on the use of ITS Architectures and methodologies. From an excellent starting point the FRAME NEXT project is developing the European ITS Framework Architecture, in short FRAME, further. The extension of FRAME is based on the oncoming needs from authorities and private ITS providers to full fill the latest regulations of the EU ITS Directive 2010/40/EU on their way to interoperable services. The resulting Frame Architecture will be able to offer a common ITS architecture for interoperable intelligent transport services. The extension of the ITS architecture for the Areas of the ITS directive and with additional views, like the organizational view, needed today for defining the possible cooperations between various stakeholders delivers an additional impetus for the fast implementations of ITS services in Europe.

Abstract

The architecture creates the space that we live in. Today at the time of dominance of social networks and smart devices particular attention should be paid to thinking how to bring people closer to each other. The world is changing very fast. The future already arrived in...Lead moreThe architecture creates the space that we live in. Today at the time of dominance of social networks and smart devices particular attention should be paid to thinking how to bring people closer to each other. The world is changing very fast. The future already arrived in industry. Europe and China expel classic automobiles and replace them with electrical. In Serbia according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs from 2011 only 114 vehicles on electric power and 90 hybrids were registered. In recent years small aircrafts without pilot became very interesting. So it is considered that the "drone mania“ spread over Serbia too, although new regulations on drones do not exist. Just after the incident in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia in 2014. we understood that in Serbia there is still no adequate regulation of the use of drones, while the Americans have it.

Abstract

Traffic management in the digital age - A perspective and call to action for service providers and road managers An increasing number of motorists are using information services to plan their route, using their smartphones and especially in-car solutions. This use has gro...Lead moreTraffic management in the digital age - A perspective and call to action for service providers and road managers An increasing number of motorists are using information services to plan their route, using their smartphones and especially in-car solutions. This use has grown to the extent that its effects are becoming increasingly visible on the road. A positive aspect is that use of the network is steadily optimised, provided there is sufficient capacity available. However, this has an undesirable side-effect when traffic demand exceeds capacity, such as traffic sneaking through villages and residential areas. In addition, there is a lack of good information on such factors as environmental zones, protected roads, delivery windows and preferred routes for logistics traffic.

Abstract

Well managed transport systems support economic performance and quality of life. Local authorities are responsible for managing much of the UK road system. However, the data, tools and support systems available to them need to be in line with new digital technology and op...Lead moreWell managed transport systems support economic performance and quality of life. Local authorities are responsible for managing much of the UK road system. However, the data, tools and support systems available to them need to be in line with new digital technology and open data platforms standards. LAMP is a framework for marrying existing standards families to C-ITS, CAV and other mobility-IoT use cases. This will enable UK local authorities to establish mobility platforms able to accept multiple data types as input, host applications (e.g. future traffic control systems etc..) and provide data analysis as outputs. A mobility platform will enable more efficient and effective transport services, allowing better integration and exploitation of connectivity. Further, LAMP provides a means of bridging the acknowledged gap between the 1990s Urban Traffic Management and Control (UTMC) base case and the Future of Mobility requirements that the UK Department for Transport is currently developing.

Abstract

The continued travel growth of transport demands and private motor vehicle ownership of the last decade has resulted in an increase of the costs of travel in congestion, road safety, pollution and parking constrains. Fighting and controlling these travel costs are primary...Lead moreThe continued travel growth of transport demands and private motor vehicle ownership of the last decade has resulted in an increase of the costs of travel in congestion, road safety, pollution and parking constrains. Fighting and controlling these travel costs are primary objective for public authorities but budget constraints and limited availability of resources have added difficulties to this critical task. Instead of focusing on expensive infrastructure measures that would increase road capacity, authorities are looking for innovative and smart solutions to optimize the use of the existing infrastructure. ARS T&TT believes that a comprehensive traffic management platform based on flexibility and scalability not only in terms of software components but also in terms of hardware is best suited to fulfil the demands for effective traffic management and the reduction of travel costs, from traffic detection to connected traffic lights. The underlining principle of this platform is assist the wold’s cities in improving the living condition of its residents and visitors using the acombination of innovative technology and software intelligence.

Abstract

A study has been performed to investigate how information from radar sensors mounted on bicycles can be used to improve the safety of bicyclists. Our vision has been to improve traffic safety for bicyclists by adapting an ITS solution available in cars. The proposed solut...Lead moreA study has been performed to investigate how information from radar sensors mounted on bicycles can be used to improve the safety of bicyclists. Our vision has been to improve traffic safety for bicyclists by adapting an ITS solution available in cars. The proposed solution tracks vehicles in the surrounding traffic to continuously evaluate the risk of collision. This information is presented to the bicyclist, raising the bicyclist’s awareness of dangers in a traffic situation, and to drivers of surrounding vehicles, making the bicyclist more salient for these drivers in case of an increased risk of collision. Several challenges have been addressed: what are the most relevant risk scenarios; mounting of sensors and vehicle dynamics differ from cars; limitations on electric power; information cannot be used to control the vehicle – only to inform the bicyclist; the bicycle HMI must be effective but not distract the rider during normal conditions.

Abstract

Integrated solutions, business ecosystems and platform economy are becoming the norm in the transport sector. To gain entry in existing markets or to stay relevant, innovation ecosystems are a way for companies to collaborate towards a shared vision of the future and bene...Lead moreIntegrated solutions, business ecosystems and platform economy are becoming the norm in the transport sector. To gain entry in existing markets or to stay relevant, innovation ecosystems are a way for companies to collaborate towards a shared vision of the future and benefiting from complementary skills and products. This paper presents experiences and lessons learned from the building process of four co-funded joint research projects aiming for sustainable business ecosystems: Living Lab Bus (LLB), Value Added Mobility Services (VAMOS!), SmartTram and IoT Traffic Environment Management (ITEM). These projects utilise a triple helix (public-private-research) approach and the main research funding instrument aimed at creating new business and international growth in Finland. We describe the process for initiating co-funded innovation ecosystems and identifying practical value adding research activities to support the various business and development needs. The results can be used as guidelines for tasks and challenges to tackle when building innovation ecosystems.

Abstract

A carpooling application by Blox Car was piloted in the city of Espoo, Finland between September 2018 and January 2019. This paper presents results of the pilot. The pilot was aimed primarily for commuting and work-related trips during the day, but leisure trips and other...Lead moreA carpooling application by Blox Car was piloted in the city of Espoo, Finland between September 2018 and January 2019. This paper presents results of the pilot. The pilot was aimed primarily for commuting and work-related trips during the day, but leisure trips and other purposes were not excluded. The assessment of the pilot included looking at the fairly modest amount of completed trips and a survey directed at those showing interest towards the pilot. The main barriers for participation in the service included lack of supply (drivers) and demand (riders) as well as reliance on the schedules of others and committing to pre-determined schedules. The pilot excluded financial transactions from the service which added another challenge for motivating people to participate in offering rides. Overall, the pilot showed that while carpooling is supported and considered useful as a concept, it is challenging to win over users.

Abstract

Next generation of automotive driving support requires the ability to anticipate driving hazards better than humans. We present a novel approach for “copying” and aggregating driving expert knowledge of scene danger ranking by using a multi-task DNN. As every danger is di...Lead moreNext generation of automotive driving support requires the ability to anticipate driving hazards better than humans. We present a novel approach for “copying” and aggregating driving expert knowledge of scene danger ranking by using a multi-task DNN. As every danger is different and that it is impossible to gather all examples of danger in a training dataset, we inspired from humans and showed that combining features from obstacles, motion, distance, possible trajectories, focus and anticipation allows to reason about the context of new scenes to rank the danger. We established an incremental transfer learning process for training from doubly sparse labels (few samples of hazard represented by few pixels). We present the danger dataset and provide an analysis of the ranking ability. From one pixel (ground truth), the DNN is able to provide the danger level for every pixel in the image. We conclude positively about the feasibility of scene danger ranking.

Abstract

Digital transformation, smart transportation, respect for the urban environment, sustainable economic growth, inclusion, and modernisation of everyday life are some of the core objectives Smart City initiatives aim to achieve. Those goals would be unachievable without the...Lead moreDigital transformation, smart transportation, respect for the urban environment, sustainable economic growth, inclusion, and modernisation of everyday life are some of the core objectives Smart City initiatives aim to achieve. Those goals would be unachievable without the proper technologies in place. With the above in mind, ARS T&TT developed the SOSPES Smart Parking concept, a state-of-art parking SaaS solution that helps local authorities achieve a remarkable increase in efficiency of parking operation and a healthy return on investment. The SOSPES solution assists cities reducing their parking operations costs by more than 25%, encourages citizens in complying better with parking regulations, increase their parking availability and reduce congestion, and ultimately leading the metropolises in achieving their environmental, safety and economic goals. This paper shows the relevance of the SOSPES product suite and illustrates how it can contribute to Smart City Goals of both cities and communities.

Abstract

Using proprietary licensed protocols in a small country like Denmark was a standard for a long time and this restricted the number of suppliers due to vendor lock-in and limited the competition. The aim is to further develop the RSMP communication protocol which is indepe...Lead moreUsing proprietary licensed protocols in a small country like Denmark was a standard for a long time and this restricted the number of suppliers due to vendor lock-in and limited the competition. The aim is to further develop the RSMP communication protocol which is independent of vendors, and publicly driven by the Danish and Swedish Road authorities. The communication protocol uses internet standards like TCP/IP and the foundation from the open communication networks. The three main components in the protocol are secured IP network, open source protocol and open interface implemented in roadside equipment. This protocol is to be the driving force of new ideas using open source and license free use and flexibility of the protocol. The aim is to create a common communication standard for the Scandinavian countries, which will be open source and therefore free to use for all.

Abstract

Like many other growing cities, Hamburg faces the challenges of rising demands for mobility: congestion of traffic, increasing levels of fine dust and NOx pollution, noise nuisance and a crowded public transport system. In 2016, Hamburg decided to adopt a new strategy in ...Lead moreLike many other growing cities, Hamburg faces the challenges of rising demands for mobility: congestion of traffic, increasing levels of fine dust and NOx pollution, noise nuisance and a crowded public transport system. In 2016, Hamburg decided to adopt a new strategy in the realm of intelligent transport systems (ITS) that comprises six different fields of action: data and information, intelligent traffic management and control, intelligent infrastructure, intelligent parking, mobility as a service, as well as automated and interconnected driving (intelligent vehicles). In every field of action, the government initiated numerous projects to make the traffic of the future safer, cleaner, more efficient and more comfortable. To emphasize its political will, it additionally set itself ambitious milestones that need to be met by 2021 and 2030, respectively.

Abstract

Aurora Snowbox Ltd. provides a unique Arctic intelligent testbed and partners´ network for testing automated driving in extreme weather conditions. “Snowtonomous” means automated and autonomous driving in wintry weather conditions when vehicles and driving systems can wor...Lead moreAurora Snowbox Ltd. provides a unique Arctic intelligent testbed and partners´ network for testing automated driving in extreme weather conditions. “Snowtonomous” means automated and autonomous driving in wintry weather conditions when vehicles and driving systems can work successfully. The Aurora ecosystem combines test sites on public roads and proving grounds in the Northern Finland. The testbed has been designed for verifying and validating C-ITS solutions, deploying CAD and their new innovations in all weather and infrastructure conditions. Aurora focuses on digital transport infrastructure and intelligent infrastructure asset management as well. Open road testing with accurate positioning, HD maps and well-instrumented digital infrastructure test section form the backbone of the Aurora testbed. Aurora Snowbox Ltd. is taking part of the standardization process by ISO in which will be determined standards for test scenarios of automated vehicles including simulation, proving grounds and open environment.

Abstract

Automated driving is expected to change the transport system and way we travel and thus have impacts on our society. Solutions through which automated driving is accelerated, enhanced or enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), are developed and tested in the AUTOPILOT pr...Lead moreAutomated driving is expected to change the transport system and way we travel and thus have impacts on our society. Solutions through which automated driving is accelerated, enhanced or enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), are developed and tested in the AUTOPILOT project under the European H2020 programme. This paper describes a comprehensive methodology for evaluating the impact of connected automated driving on quality of life in terms of personal mobility, well-being, traffic safety, traffic efficiency and the environment, including test experiences and data, expert views and modelling. A comprehensive methodology framework is developed taking into account direct and indirect impacts on users and the society, by considering the most important impact mechanisms affecting quality of life in connected automated driving. The methodology is applied to the case example automated valet parking (AVP).

Abstract

Abstract of: Making the World Move - Developing Smart Mobility with Traffic Data Analysis TomTom has been a front runner in mapping and location technologies for decades. And we won’t stop shaping the future of mobility. Because we believe that movement drives progress fo...Lead moreAbstract of: Making the World Move - Developing Smart Mobility with Traffic Data Analysis TomTom has been a front runner in mapping and location technologies for decades. And we won’t stop shaping the future of mobility. Because we believe that movement drives progress for us all – that safer roads and a cleaner world are just around the corner. This paper outlines TomTom’s concepts and technology to develop Smart Cities and the autonomous driving ecosystem. The centerpiece of our success in this area is a connected car community of over 550M devices, thanks to which analytical tasks for road transportation analytics can be performed.

Abstract

ITS Vienna Region has been providing the multimodal journey planner “AnachB.at” (1) for the public since 2008. Of course, for websites or smartphone apps usability and performance are important aspects. But without doubt the most important factor is to provide users with ...Lead moreITS Vienna Region has been providing the multimodal journey planner “AnachB.at” (1) for the public since 2008. Of course, for websites or smartphone apps usability and performance are important aspects. But without doubt the most important factor is to provide users with correct, up-to-date and high quality information for their requested route. Usually journey planners use road network data from commercial providers or Open Street Map (2). Over recent years, Austria’s public authorities have consistently digitised all their administrative processes relating to transport infrastructure. As a result, there is an official reference graph called GIP (Graph Integration Platform) (3) including all infrastructure for all modes of transport, which is the perfect base for journey planners. The GIP is maintained by public authorities and fulfils all quality elements according to ISO/DIS 19157 (4) standard for geographic data like temporal quality, thematic and positional accuracy, completeness and logical consistency.

Abstract

This (draft) paper highlights the regulation on the provision of EU-wide multimodal travel information and discuss the impact for the actors in the mobility eco system. The regulation calls for standardization of formats for all traffic and travel data from all public and...Lead moreThis (draft) paper highlights the regulation on the provision of EU-wide multimodal travel information and discuss the impact for the actors in the mobility eco system. The regulation calls for standardization of formats for all traffic and travel data from all public and private modalities and the creation of a National Access Point in all EU-member countries for mobility from all mobility actors. The regulation includes the potential to drastically improve awareness of alternatives to the use of private owned cars for mobility and increased use of ground transport as an alternative to short and medium airline routes even across borders. The regulation is a giant leap forward in making it possible to deliver Mobility as a Service as all possible modality options can come into play when end users are looking for travel options.

Abstract

This paper aims at a broad-based pros-and-cons assessment of a dry port concept relevant to South Eastern Sweden within the context of Collaboration in Logistics Operations and Urban Distribution (CLOUD) project. The paper identifies some key dimensions that require furth...Lead moreThis paper aims at a broad-based pros-and-cons assessment of a dry port concept relevant to South Eastern Sweden within the context of Collaboration in Logistics Operations and Urban Distribution (CLOUD) project. The paper identifies some key dimensions that require further analysis in order to determine the possibility of developing and operating a dry port in Alvesta. These include; Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Service dimensions (PESTS). The PESTS model is employed on a limited data set describing freight flows and preliminary results employed as a basis for recommending the approach toward realizing a dry port in the context of Alvesta.

Abstract

This paper aims at a broad-based pros-and-cons assessment of a dry port concept relevant to South Eastern Sweden within the context of Collaboration in Logistics Operations and Urban Distribution (CLOUD) project. The paper identifies some key dimensions that require furth...Lead moreThis paper aims at a broad-based pros-and-cons assessment of a dry port concept relevant to South Eastern Sweden within the context of Collaboration in Logistics Operations and Urban Distribution (CLOUD) project. The paper identifies some key dimensions that require further analysis in order to determine the possibility of developing and operating a dry port in Alvesta. These include; Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Service dimensions (PESTS). The PESTS model is employed on a limited data set describing freight flows and preliminary results employed as a basis for recommending the approach toward realizing a dry port in the context of Alvesta.

Abstract

In order to realise the benefits of connected and autonomous vehicles there is a strong requirement to establish standardised and safe approvals processes for both testing and deployment. Core to this is the need to consistently assess and manage safety. The UK has establ...Lead moreIn order to realise the benefits of connected and autonomous vehicles there is a strong requirement to establish standardised and safe approvals processes for both testing and deployment. Core to this is the need to consistently assess and manage safety. The UK has established a strong capability in testing for CAVs and has proposed an efficient and accessible framework for assessing safety for both public and private road testing. Used across urban, rural and inter-urban environments this safety framework can be used by testing organisations to quickly and simply establish testing, making the United Kingdom a great place to test, validate and verify real-world connected and autonomous vehicles performance.

Abstract

Sharing of position data is crucial within Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs). It provides the baseline for all safety applications. A security attack involving forged positions can severely harm the vehicles and the passengers. This makes position verification as part of...Lead moreSharing of position data is crucial within Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs). It provides the baseline for all safety applications. A security attack involving forged positions can severely harm the vehicles and the passengers. This makes position verification as part of general misbehavior detection a key research activity. The present paper introduces a novel approach for position verification, complementing existing approaches that we have developed in previous work. The approach makes use of information obtained through collective perception or sensor data sharing. This work describes how to use the information for position verification and discusses merits and shortcomings of such an approach.

Abstract

The recent explosion in data generation and availability, together with advancements in data science, particularly Big Data, open data, real-time streaming data and cloud computing, coupled with the simultaneous advancements in gaming and 3D visualization, makes it possib...Lead moreThe recent explosion in data generation and availability, together with advancements in data science, particularly Big Data, open data, real-time streaming data and cloud computing, coupled with the simultaneous advancements in gaming and 3D visualization, makes it possible to explore untapped opportunities and create increasingly powerful and scalable 3D City Platforms. This paper provides an overview of the development of a 3D Smart City Platform utilizing cross-sector sensor data, Big Data technologies and gaming engines; enabling Smart City planning, engineering design & real-time (operational) analytics to create enthusiasm and investment in future developments and city revitalisation schemes. The paper provides evidence on how data currently available to authorities, and future data from Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and Smart City sources can be utilised to enhance the planning and revitalization of cities throughout the world.

Abstract

The process of automotive function development is mainly defined by ISO-26262 which involves the process steps verification and validation. Whereas verification steps are part of the development process itself, validation is the final development step before the functiona...Lead moreThe process of automotive function development is mainly defined by ISO-26262 which involves the process steps verification and validation. Whereas verification steps are part of the development process itself, validation is the final development step before the functional safety assessment. For both process steps, verification and validation, usually a lot of measurement data are recorded and post-processed. Post-processing may involve data format conversion, automated calculation of additional features or even manual annotation of features to the recorded data sets. Since all post-processing steps may introduce errors to the data, the recording and post-processing chain is a very crucial step within the development and the validation process. This paper focuses on data recording and post-processing solutions for generating verification and validation data sets of highest quality. Topics addressed are online and

Abstract

The National Traffic Information Service (NTIS) is operated on behalf of Highways England – the Highways Authority for the English strategic road network. NTIS provides information and data including raw and processed traffic data, messages relating to incidents and event...Lead moreThe National Traffic Information Service (NTIS) is operated on behalf of Highways England – the Highways Authority for the English strategic road network. NTIS provides information and data including raw and processed traffic data, messages relating to incidents and events, and variable message settings. The NTIS system satisfies a number of challenging data processing requirements. This paper provides an insight into a number of individual requirements and the approach taken to satisfy them. Areas of interest discussed include data volume, detection and management of traffic congestion, profiling and predicting traffic conditions, validating and assuring outputs and measuring benefits.

Abstract

Bus on-board comfort may be intended as a multidimensional concept declined according to several attributes (e.g., vibrations, the load factor, the driving style, etc.) and represents a key factor of service quality. Thus, its measurement is crucial for public transport c...Lead moreBus on-board comfort may be intended as a multidimensional concept declined according to several attributes (e.g., vibrations, the load factor, the driving style, etc.) and represents a key factor of service quality. Thus, its measurement is crucial for public transport companies as it can support for the monitoring, evaluation and implementation of specific actions to improve their services. The objective of this paper is to build a numerical scale for real-time measurement of bus on-board comfort. This is pursued integrating subjective measurements of the driving style provided by the passengers with objective ones of longitudinal and transversal accelerations data collected by Intelligent Transportation System tools. The results are very useful because they represent a contribution to establish a comfort scale in a real operational environment, as a tool to regulate the driver’s behavior: each driver is in the position of real-time monitoring the quality of a bus ride regarding on-board comfort level

Abstract

L3Pilot project under H2020 programme is the first large-scale piloting of SAE Level 3 automated driving in Europe, with the aim to study key questions related to the deployment of automated driving functions (ADFs). This paper describes how the methodology has been devel...Lead moreL3Pilot project under H2020 programme is the first large-scale piloting of SAE Level 3 automated driving in Europe, with the aim to study key questions related to the deployment of automated driving functions (ADFs). This paper describes how the methodology has been developed to assess the mobility impacts of the availability and use of passenger cars with ADFs within the L3Pilot project, laying a basis for future work in the area. The paper begins with an overview of current assessment approaches and the potential implications of SAE Level 3 cars on mobility, as a function of known dimensions of mobility and mobility impact mechanisms. The paper concludes with a description of the approach and method developed for mobility impact assessment in L3Pilot, which is built on FESTA guidelines and work done in previous projects.

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel design framework that will exploit the enabling technologies of the rapidly growing sensor networks and vehicle communication networks also integrating them with Internet of Things (IoT) and crowdsourced data, in order to enhance existing Int...Lead moreThis paper introduces a novel design framework that will exploit the enabling technologies of the rapidly growing sensor networks and vehicle communication networks also integrating them with Internet of Things (IoT) and crowdsourced data, in order to enhance existing Intelligent Transport Systems with innovative cloud-based services for drivers, road operators and fleet managers. Advanced driver support systems as well as enriched interfaces will be developed and tested in the context of the foreseen use cases.

Abstract

Cybersecurity attacks on connected vehicles are currently a real threat to the safety of road users, regarding both their physical safety and their data and privacy. In addition, cybersecurity is a “hidden” quality of a vehicle and is only perceived by the user after an e...Lead moreCybersecurity attacks on connected vehicles are currently a real threat to the safety of road users, regarding both their physical safety and their data and privacy. In addition, cybersecurity is a “hidden” quality of a vehicle and is only perceived by the user after an event (as with passive safety). In order to guarantee protection to users, it is necessary to design a solution to test and analyse potential cybersecurity threats and to perform a risk analysis in order to be able to define countermeasures to mitigate them. Applus IDIADA has developed a methodology and a tool to deploy a cybersecurity assessment service capable of evaluating the cybersecurity of a vehicle in a similar way to other consumer testing protocols (Euro NCAP). This paper presents the solution for evaluating the cybersecurity level of connected vehicles and shows its capabilities to serve this purpose in an optimal and automated manner.

Abstract

The inattentiveness of road users during their approach towards passive railway crossings represents a major threat for level crossing safety. This paper presents an auxiliary strobe light system installed in train in addition to the already existing headlights to increas...Lead moreThe inattentiveness of road users during their approach towards passive railway crossings represents a major threat for level crossing safety. This paper presents an auxiliary strobe light system installed in train in addition to the already existing headlights to increase the salience of the train and hence to cope with this inattentive behaviour. The system was installed on a real railway vehicle as well as in the virtual environment of a driving simulator with the objective to assess its technical feasibility and to test its effects on users. A proof of concept of the auxiliary strobe light system was successfully implemented on a railway vehicle and tested under realistic conditions. The participants of the study judged the system as highly useful to enhance the detection of the train at the level crossing as well as to improve the overall safety.

Abstract

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) promises to revolutionise transport in a way not seen in decades. From public transport, bicycles and cars to e-scooters, autonomous vehicles and flying taxis, MaaS can bring new and established transport modes together for the benefit of all ...Lead moreMobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) promises to revolutionise transport in a way not seen in decades. From public transport, bicycles and cars to e-scooters, autonomous vehicles and flying taxis, MaaS can bring new and established transport modes together for the benefit of all transport users. Or can it? In the European Union (EU) alone, over 70 million people live with some form of disability. One in three people with disabilities in the EU report transport as a major barrier to participation in life and work. New, largely commercially driven transport modes are notorious for neglecting accessibility. Lawmakers are slow to catch up with the transport revolution and ensure inclusion of accessible features. This paper analyses current barriers and enablers for accessibility in transport, with global examples of pioneering, thought-leading applications and technology delivering access to transport for all.

Abstract

This paper describes how PPPs contribute to developing novel solutions needed in cities preparing for autonomous mobility future. Currently, there is gap between the ambitions and knowledge between the supply and demand side. In Helsinki, there is a long history of succes...Lead moreThis paper describes how PPPs contribute to developing novel solutions needed in cities preparing for autonomous mobility future. Currently, there is gap between the ambitions and knowledge between the supply and demand side. In Helsinki, there is a long history of successful PPP collaboration with automated shuttle trials. The city’s innovation unit, Forum Virium Helsinki (FVH), aims to build bridges between the public and the private sector. FVH is leading a cross-European FABULOS project, focusing on R&D performed by private companies. It aims to developing solutions for smart systems operating automated shuttles as part of public transportation. Here, we share the learnings and the best practises related to PPP: how to target the development to meet cities’ mobility needs, instead of just working as private companies’ testing location. Cooperation between public and private sector is key in achieving successful trials, regulation and implementation of AVs as part of cities’ mobility systems.

Abstract

During a rescue mission such as accidents, fire alarms, first responders face significant challenges. On the one hand, they need to arrive with minimum time to the site. On the other hand, they need to make sure that emergency vehicles are driven safely on the road. Under...Lead moreDuring a rescue mission such as accidents, fire alarms, first responders face significant challenges. On the one hand, they need to arrive with minimum time to the site. On the other hand, they need to make sure that emergency vehicles are driven safely on the road. Under such circumstances, interaction with other road users is the key challenge. While automated vehicles gradually appear on the road, their reactions to emergency vehicles remain to be solved for safe and efficient interaction. This paper describes a cloud-based traffic control platform that allows secure and reliable information sharing between emergency vehicles and autonomous vehicle operators for better control of autonomous vehicles where emergency vehicles exist, thus improving the rescue efficiency and traffic safety. The paper discusses the platform architecture, communication and message exchange protocol, interaction processes as well as demonstration and pilots on public roads.

Abstract

Although some “Mobility as a Service” initiatives have been piloted across Europe, so far most of them had problems reaching a significant scale and stable business operation, and there is still a lack of a solid experience replicable at the EU level. Achieving the approp...Lead moreAlthough some “Mobility as a Service” initiatives have been piloted across Europe, so far most of them had problems reaching a significant scale and stable business operation, and there is still a lack of a solid experience replicable at the EU level. Achieving the appropriate balance between public and private components in the combined mobility scheme is a major issue, with the need of compromising between different business roles, objectives and attitudes within the same ecosystem. The adoption of viable policies for information and service sharing is also a barrier to overcome. To remain the “backbone of mobility” for liveable and sustainable cities, Public Transport should embrace the emergence of those new mobility services and concepts, as great opportunities to enhance the efficiency and capacity of its services and systems and to gain new customers. This paper outlines a set of tools and methods for promoting multi-stakeholder collaborations and for developing sustainable MaaS business models.

Abstract

Highly automated vehicles are currently in the wake of disrupting the transportation industry. This presents public authorities with the unique opportunity to reform their public transport system. In 2016, the Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) in Dubai launched a compre...Lead moreHighly automated vehicles are currently in the wake of disrupting the transportation industry. This presents public authorities with the unique opportunity to reform their public transport system. In 2016, the Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) in Dubai launched a comprehensive self-driving transport (SDT) strategy [1]. A pillar within this strategy is the “Connected Cloud” as an enabler for automated public transport [2]. Within this paper, results of a project on the Connected Cloud for SDT, will be presented by Ian Smith, the responsible project manager at the RTA and FEV. These results include the role of a central cloud within the SDT ecosystem aiming to leverage the data available within public authorities as well as third parties. A methodology to analyse the interrelation between key enabling services, required data sets and corresponding data sources will be presented.

Abstract

The National Traffic Information Service (NTIS) is operated on behalf of Highways England – the Highways Authority for the English strategic road network. NTIS provides information and data including raw and processed traffic data, messages relating to incidents and event...Lead moreThe National Traffic Information Service (NTIS) is operated on behalf of Highways England – the Highways Authority for the English strategic road network. NTIS provides information and data including raw and processed traffic data, messages relating to incidents and events, and variable message settings. Information is provided across multiple dissemination channels, and is used for journey planning and informing journeys in progress. Information is provided to subscribers and partners continuously, and is also provided in a tailored form as strategic responses to events on the network. These responses have a measurable benefit to road users, mitigating the impact of events and improving journey time reliability. This paper provides a broad overview of the NTIS service, drawing attention to selected key elements. It also highlights some of the operational challenges faced, and provides a summary of the benefits provided from its operation.